Business
Calculate gross margin from revenue and cost of goods sold, with gross profit, cost ratio, markup cross-check, scenario rows and a printable margin record.
Calculator
Net revenue = revenue × (1 − discount percent ÷ 100). Gross profit = net revenue − cost of goods sold. Gross margin % = gross profit ÷ net revenue × 100. Cost ratio % = COGS ÷ net revenue × 100. Required revenue for target margin = COGS ÷ (1 − target margin ÷ 100).
This is the method behind the answer, so the result can be checked rather than simply trusted.What-if check
Keep revenue fixed and test what happens when direct cost is 10% lower or higher than the current COGS entry.
| COGS | Gross profit | Gross margin |
|---|---|---|
| 5,580.00 | 4,420.00 | 44.20% |
| 6,200.00 | 3,800.00 | 38.00% |
| 6,820.00 | 3,180.00 | 31.80% |
| Target margin | Required revenue | Gap from current net revenue |
|---|---|---|
| 40.00% | 10,333.33 | 333.33 |
Visual proof
The blue segment is direct cost. The gold segment is gross profit. Gross margin is the gold share of net revenue.
Visual grid
Gross Margin is not just a final answer. It is a step on a line: before and after, input and output, assumption and result.
CalculationTime keeps the path visible: the input, the method and the final number belong together.
CalculationTime
Net revenue = revenue × (1 − discount percent ÷ 100). Gross profit = net revenue − cost of goods sold. Gross margin % = gross profit ÷ net revenue × 100. Cost ratio % = COGS ÷ net revenue × 100. Required revenue for target margin = COGS ÷ (1 − target margin ÷ 100).
Use this space on the printed report for client, supplier, classroom, job-location, measurement, quote or approval notes.
Net revenue = revenue × (1 − discount percent ÷ 100). Gross profit = net revenue − cost of goods sold. Gross margin % = gross profit ÷ net revenue × 100. Cost ratio % = COGS ÷ net revenue × 100. Required revenue for target margin = COGS ÷ (1 − target margin ÷ 100).
For revenue 10000 and COGS 6200, gross profit = 10000 − 6200 = 3800. Gross margin = 3800 ÷ 10000 × 100 = 38.00%. Cost ratio = 62.00%. To target a 40% gross margin with 6200 COGS, required revenue = 6200 ÷ 0.60 = 10333.33.
Master’s Tip: print the revenue basis and COGS definition beside the margin. A margin report is weak if freight, payment fees, discounts, waste or subcontractor costs are sometimes included and sometimes left out.
Standard or basis: transparent gross-profit arithmetic using revenue, cost of goods sold and gross profit. Confirm official accounting presentation, tax treatment and reporting policy with the relevant professional or authority.
Methodology & Accuracy
CalculationTime pages are built around visible arithmetic: the formula, assumptions, worked example and practical limitations are shown so the result can be checked rather than simply trusted.
Net revenue = revenue × (1 − discount percent ÷ 100). Gross profit = net revenue − cost of goods sold. Gross margin % = gross profit ÷ net revenue × 100. Cost ratio % = COGS ÷ net revenue × 100. Required revenue for target margin = COGS ÷ (1 − target margin ÷ 100).
Standard or basis: transparent gross-profit arithmetic using revenue, cost of goods sold and gross profit. Confirm official accounting presentation, tax treatment and reporting policy with the relevant professional or authority.
Where a calculator follows a named legal, trade or industry standard, that standard is cited visibly. Otherwise the page uses transparent general arithmetic and states its limits.Master’s Tip: print the revenue basis and COGS definition beside the margin. A margin report is weak if freight, payment fees, discounts, waste or subcontractor costs are sometimes included and sometimes left out.
Subtract cost of goods sold from revenue to get gross profit, then divide gross profit by revenue and multiply by 100.
Gross margin percentage = (revenue − cost of goods sold) ÷ revenue × 100.
No. Gross margin divides gross profit by revenue. Markup divides gross profit by cost, so markup is usually a larger percentage than margin.
Yes. If COGS is higher than net revenue, gross profit is negative and the calculator shows a negative gross margin.
Print revenue, COGS, discount if used, gross profit, gross margin, cost ratio, target-margin comparison, formula, assumptions, date, page URL and notes about what costs were included.
Gross margin turns revenue and direct cost into a comparable percentage. It is useful only when the revenue basis and cost-of-goods-sold definition are clear, because changing the denominator or cost bucket changes the story.
Gross profit is revenue minus cost of goods sold. Gross margin then expresses that profit as a share of revenue, which helps compare products, quotes or periods of different sizes.
A clean margin record states what went into COGS: product cost, materials, direct labour, freight, packaging or subcontractor cost as relevant. Inconsistent cost buckets make margin comparisons misleading.
A 40% gross margin means gross profit is 40% of revenue. The equivalent markup on cost is higher because markup divides by cost, not by selling price.